我国长期照护服务供给的现状、问题及建议

The Current Situation, Problems and Suggestions of Long-term Care Service Supply in China

基于中国社科院经济所课题组全国养老照护机构问卷调查数据以及全国第四次老年人生活状况调查数据,本文对我国长期照护服务供给的政策、格局以及存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了相关政策建议。我国长护服务仍然存在服务利用不足的问题,照护机构的入住率低,居家社区服务的利用率低。家庭成员仍然是照护服务的主要提供者。不论是从我国长护服务的需求特征还是国际经验看,积极支持和鼓励并在政策上设计有针对性的措施来促进居家社区照护和家庭内部照护服务的提供,应是我国长期照护服务供给的取向。

The paper attempts to analyze the provision of long-term care in China and give policy suggestions based on the data of ＂Nursing Home Survey＂ conducted by Economic Institute of CASS and the data of ＂the 4 th Round of National Survey on the Living of the Elderly＂. It shows that the utilization rate of long-term care service is low： the occupancy rate of nursing homes＇ beds is lower than 60%, and most of community facilities are not used. The main providers of long-term care are family members. Partners, children and other family members provide more than 95% of care for those who need to be cared. One of the policy trend of China＇s long-term care provision is to make policies to support home and community based care and care provision by family members.