古代两河流域的书吏与书吏教育

The Scribes and Their Education in Ancient Mesopotamia

西亚是世界文明发源的主要地区之一,在世界教育早期发展史上,作为该地区文明核心区域的两河流域在诸多方面都堪称先驱。两河流域在较早时期就出现了私塾和学校形式的书吏教育,其培养包括了内容丰富的专业学识教育和具有职业导向的道德伦理教育。学成毕业的书吏多为城邦或国家各级管理机构中的行政人员,在行政管理、经济建设、宗教事务、文化传承等活动中发挥了重要的作用。

The West Asia is one of the main areas where the birth of civilization in the world originated.In the earlyhistory of world education,Mesopotamia,the core area of the West Asia civilization,is pioneers in some fields.There isalong history of the scribe education in private school and public school.The scribe training includes two major aspects,the content-rich professional education and career-oriented moral education.The scribe,who serves as administrativestaff in the administrative agencies at all levels of the city-state or kingdom,plays an important role in such activities asadministration,economic construction,religious affairs and cultural inheritance and so on.