略论儒家文化发展的基本方向

The Fundamental Development Direction of Confucian Culture

作为中国传统文化的主流,儒家文化的精神整体上说是人文主义的,分而言之则有孟学与荀学这两个基本方向。前者是由个人的安身立命,达于道德的政治、社会文化的实现,乃至促进整个宇宙的生命成长。后者则是由理想的社会秩序设计来安排社群,为人类社会生活创造和谐有序的环境。继承与弘扬儒家的优秀文化,应当优先发展荀学乃至经学的方向。这是一个"礼"的方向,是结合现代问题接着清代小学讲下去的方向,是一个经验的"下学"方向,也是一个优先思考如何安排好社会秩序的方向。在此基础上,孟学的方向、宋明理学的方向,亦即儒家信仰的方向才能有所依托,才能在当代重焕活力。

General speaking, as the mainstream of Chinese traditional culture, Confucian culture including Mengzi School and Xunzi School is humanistic. The Mengzi School advocates that a person should settle down and get on with his/her pursuit first, and then realize his or her ethical aspiration in politics or in social culture, and then, further improve life growth of the whole universe. The Xunzi School argues that a social community should be arranged under the ideal social order, which can create a harmonious context for social activities. In order to carry forward the good Confucian culture, the priority is proposed to be given to develop the Xunzi School, even Confucian classics. This development direction of Confucian culture is linked with ＂Li＂ （etiquette） , with Xiao Xue in Qing dynasty that is carried out together with modern issues, with empirical ＂Xia Xue＂ , and with the idea of giving priority to think about how to arrange a good social order. On this basis, Mengzi School, Neo-Confucianism, or the Confucian faith can rejuvenate nowadays.