高速列车踏面凹形磨耗及其动力学影响规律

Wheel Profile Concave Wear and Its Effect Law on Vehicle Dynamics of High-speed Trains

踏面凹形磨耗是我国高速列车服役过程中车轮磨耗的主要形式,踏面凹形磨耗随镟修后里程逐渐加剧,将引起轮轨接触关系的变化,进而引起车辆动力学性能的恶化。为揭示我国高速列车踏面凹形磨耗的特点和规律,通过对国内某高速动车组的部分车轮进行长期跟踪测试,并基于测试结果研究踏面不同位置的磨耗量,发现磨耗中心位置与名义滚动圆的偏离现象,提出基于离散点直接积分的磨耗面积表征方法。进一步通过数学推导、多体动力学建模与仿真、以及车载实测振动数据的分析验证,研究不同踏面凹形磨耗程度情况下,车辆临界速度、轮轨作用力、振动信号的蛇行运动频率等动力学特性和指标随车轮旋修后运行里程的变化情况,总结得到踏面凹形磨耗对高速列车动力学的影响规律。

Concave wear is the main wheel profile wear form due to the applications of high speed trains in China,which is aggravated with the increase of the mileage after wheel renovated and causes changes of wheel-rail contact and vehicle dynamic performance.Long period of traceability to some high speed trains in China include tracking measurements and tests are carried out to find the characteristic and law of the wheel profile wear.The deviation of the wear center from the nominal location and a new description method based on numerical integral are obtained after the analysis of the wear loss on different locations on wheel profile.Further mathematical inference,multi-body dynamics simulation and tracking measurement on real vehicle are carried out to survey the effect of the wheel profile wear at different mileage on the dynamic performance and index,including critical velocity,wheel rail force,main frequency of the train hunting,etc.Finally,the effect laws of the wheel profile wear on the vehicle dynamics are concluded.