理性教育观之应然向度——朱熹“人性论”思想的当代教育价值反思

The Orientations of Rational Education View—Reflection on Contemporary Educational Value of Zhu Xi's“Theory of Human Nature"

朱熹为宋明理学之集大成者,其"宇宙论"奠"人性论"之始基,"人性论"剖"人性"生成之路径,进而为"教育何以能"奠定了系统且扎实的哲学基础。朱熹"人性论"思想体系的当代教育价值:可生成本善学生观,秉持本善的人性理念是教育的逻辑起点;可生成现实学生观,遵循人性的客观特点是教育的实践基点;可生成内生过程观,关照人性的自觉力量是教育的实效基础;可生成全面引导观,注重人—境的多维整合是教育的应然追求。此四维"理性教育观"之应然向度,给当代教育者诸多理论与实践上的启示。

Zhu Xi is the master of the idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties,and his cosmology laid the foundation of the theory of human nature. The theory of human nature has analyzed the path of"human nature" and laid a systematic and solid philosophical foundation for"how to educate". The contemporary educational values of Zhu Xi's theory of human nature are: it can generate a good view of the students,and uphold the idea of good human nature is the logical starting point of education; it can generate the realistic view of students,and follow the objective characteristics of human nature is the basis of the practice of education; it can generate the view of endogenous process,and take care of the self-conscious power of human nature is the effective basis of education; it can generate the concept of comprehensive guidance,and pay attention to the multidimensional integration of people and environment is the proper pursuit of education. The four-dimensional orientations of the"rational education view" give contemporary educators many theoretical and practical implications.