基于量化分析的乌梅丸病机新解

New Comprehension of Wumei Pills Pathogenesis Based on Quantitative Analysis

目的：量化分析乌梅丸的配伍特点,进一步分析乌梅丸证的病机。方法：收集《伤寒论》中有明确药物组成的方剂,不同剂量、炮制方法不同的同种药物需分为不同的对象处理。运用双层频权剪叉算法,计算每个药物的功效权值,进而计算乌梅丸的功效权值以及判定强度级别,最终得出病机的特点。结果：乌梅丸Ⅲ级功效有安蛔、消痈疮、补肾、温经、祛风、散寒、除痹、止呕、止痛;Ⅱ级功效有温阳、清肝、补心、止咳、清大肠、化饮、治心悸、温肺、温脾、养血;Ⅰ级功效有燥湿、止泻、解毒、温胃、补阳;-Ⅰ级功效有清心、敛阴、生津、消积满;-Ⅱ级功效有润肺、清胃、通便;-Ⅲ级功效有清肺、滋阴、润燥、清热。乌梅丸的病机在于脾胃、心、肺、肾阳虚,肝郁化热风动,横逆他脏,且兼夹痰饮水湿,最终形成虚实夹杂、寒热错杂的表现。结论：乌梅丸病机的复杂在于脏腑的相互克伐、阴邪的趁虚而起。

Objective：To analyze the pathogenesis of Wumei Pills quantitatively and furtherly. Methods：First,we collected prescriptions which have certain ingredients in Shanghan Lun. Different doses and processing methods of drugs need to be divided into different objects. Then,we calculated the efficacy value of each drug,and then calculated weigh and level of efficacy about Wumei Pills by the double layer spectrum weighted cross cutting algorithm. Finally,we explained the synergy pattern and pathogenesis of Wumei Pills. Results：In Wumei Pills,the level Ⅲ efficacies are calming intestinal ascarid,eliminating sore,tonifying kidney,warming meridians,expelling wind,dissipating cold,eliminating impediment,stopping vomiting,and reliving pain. The level Ⅱ efficacies are warming Yang,removing heat from liver,relieving a cough,removing heat from large intestine,resolving retained fluid,treating palpitation,warming lung,warming spleen and nourishing blood. The level Ⅰefficacies are eliminating dampness,antidiarrheal,disintoxication,warming stomach,and invigorating Yang. The level-Ⅰefficacies are clearing heart,astringing Yin,producing saliva and eliminating accumulation. The level-Ⅱ efficacies are moistening lung,clearing stomach and defecation. The level-Ⅲ efficacies are clearing lung,nourishing Yin,moistening dryness and clearing heat. Cruxes of pathogenesis are Yang deficiency of spleen,stomach,heart,lung and kidney,stagnation of liver Qi,which causes heat and wind symptoms,and phlegm dampness. These cruxes cause intermingled deficiency and excess and cold-heat complex symptoms. Conclusion：Viscera multiply insult and raid of Yin pathogen cause the complexity of Wumei Pills pathogenesis.