儿科呼吸道感染患儿抗生素的应用分析

Analysis application of antibiotics in children with respiratory tract infection in pediatrics

目的调查分析儿科呼吸道感染患儿的抗生素应用情况,为儿科合理应用抗生素提供参考依据。方法选择2016年1月1日~2017年12月31日在我院儿科就诊的50例呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,调查统计其抗生素使用情况,如抗生素给药途径、抗生素是否为单一用药、抗生素种类。根据儿童药物利用指数对呼吸道感染患儿的抗生素使用是否合理进行评估,对抗生素不合理应用情况进行统计分析,分析抗生素应用不合理原因。结果 50例呼吸道感染患儿中,有47例患儿使用抗生素,抗生素使用率为94.00%,其中,抗生素给药途径主要为口服、静脉滴注;单一用药例数多于联合用药;抗生素种类主要为头孢菌素类(头孢呋辛等)、大环内酯类(红霉素等)、青霉素类(青霉素等)。47例使用抗生素治疗的呼吸道感染患儿中,共有13例患儿抗生素使用不合理,不合理原因主要为给药时机不合理、给药剂量不合理、用药疗程不合理、无明确指征用药、药物配伍不合理、溶媒选择不合理。结论儿科呼吸道感染患儿的抗生素使用率较高,其抗生素给药途径以口服、静脉滴注为主,多为单一用药,种类多分布于头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、青霉素类,存在较多不合理使用情况,临床上应对儿科呼吸道感染患儿抗生素不合理应用原因实施针对性药学干预,以促进儿科呼吸道感染的临床合理用药。

Objective To investigate and analyze the use of antibiotics in pediatric children with respiratory tract infection. Methods 50 pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017 were selected. The clinical data of these 50 children with respiratory tract infection were analyzed retrospectively, and the use of antibiotics, such as the route of antibiotic administration and whether the antibiotics were used in a single drug,were investigated and counted. According to the drug utilization index of children, the rational use of antibiotics in children with respiratory tract infection was evaluated, the irrational use of antibiotics was statistically analyzed, and the reasons for irrational use of antibiotics were analyzed. Results Of the 50 cases of respiratory tract infection, 47 cases were treated with antibiotics, the rate of antibiotic use was 94.00%, among which, the main route of antibiotic administration was oral administration, intravenous drip, single drug use was more than combined use. The antibiotics were mainly Cephalosporins（Cefuroxime et al.）, Macrolides（Erythromycin et al.）, and Penicillin（Penicillin et al.）. The main reasons for the irrational use of antibiotics were unreasonable timing of administration, unreasonable dosage, unreasonable course of treatment, no clear indication of drug use, unreasonable compatibility of drugs and unreasonable choice of solvent. Conclusion The utilization rate of antibiotics in pediatric children with respiratory tract infection is high.The main route of antibiotic administration is oral administration, intravenous drip, most of them are single drug, and most of them are distributed in Cephalosporins, Macrolides and Penicillin. In order to promote the rational use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection, we should carry out targeted pharmaceutical intervention in order to promote the rational use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection.