高原雾天高速公路安全影响及其最高限速研究

Research on the Safety Impact and Maximum Speed Limitation of Foggy Expressway in Plateau Foggy Weather

针对高原雾天对高速公路行车安全的影响因素,依据近年来云南省雾天高速公路事故数据,分析云南省雾天高速公路事故特征;基于高原雾天对于驾驶人的影响,分析雾天情况下驾驶人识别距离及感知速度的变化关系.为提高雾天高速公路行车安全性,从改善高速公路安全行车的角度出发,建立雾天高速公路行车限速模型,得到不同能见度及路面附着系数下的限速值.研究结果表明,随着能见度的提升,行车速度增加,路面附着系数呈现正相关;低能见度下,参照物模糊,对比度降低,驾驶人的识别距离会产生较大偏差,感知速度也会与实际行车速度产生较大偏差;建立的高速公路限速模型表明,驾驶人雾天行车速度与能见度、路面附着系数及纵坡坡度呈线性关系.

Aiming at the influence factors of plateau foggy weather on highway traffic safety,the accident characteristics of expressway in foggy days in Yunnan province were analyzed according to the accident data of Yunnan province′s foggy expressway in recent years.Based on the influence of high altitude foggy weather on drivers,this paper analyzed the relationship between driver′recognition distance and perceived speed in foggy weather.In order to improve the traffic safety of foggy expressway,a traffic speed limit model of foggy expressway was established from the perspective of improving the traffic safety of expressway.And the speed limit value s under different visibility and road adhesion coefficients were obtained.The results show that with the increase of visibility,the driving speed increases and the road adhesion coefficient is negatively correlated.Under low visibility,the driver＇s recognition distance will produce large deviation,and the perceived speed will also produce large deviation from the actual driving speed due to blurring of the reference object and reduction of contrast.The speed limit model of expressway shows that the driving speed of the driver in foggy weather is linearly related to visibility,road adhesion coefficient and longitudinal slope.