反刍动物粪尿氮排泄预测模型的研究进展

Research Progress of Manure Nitrogen Excretion Models for Ruminants

氮排泄预测模型是准确评估反刍动物对全球大气环境影响的有效方法,同时对减排调控有重要意义。本文综述了反刍动物氮素摄入和排泄的转化过程以及粪尿氮排泄预测模型的类型,分别对肉牛、奶牛、山羊和绵羊氮素排泄预测模型的误差和精度进行了分析和比较;并针对中国反刍动物养殖的氮素排泄情况以及该领域未来需要进一步研究的问题进行了展望。

Considering the environmental pollution caused by nitrogen excreted from ruminants, this paper reviewed the transformation process of feed crude protein（CP） intake and nitrogen（N） excretion in both urine and/or feces from ruminants. Many types of models for predicting N excretion from ruminants were summarized as well, in which the precision and prediction error of N excretion models for beef cattle, lactating dairy cows, goats and sheep were analyzed and compared respectively. For the N excretion of ruminants under Chinese circumstances, their limitations and direction of future research in this fi eld were suggested. The nitrogen excretion prediction model is an effective tool to accurately assess the impact of ruminants on the global atmospheric environment, and it is of great significance for regulations and emission reductions.