青稞种质资源遗传多样性分析与核心种质群体的构建

Genetic Diversity of Germplasm Resource and Core Collection Development in Hulless Barley

为有针对性地利用青稞种质资源,收集世界各地青稞种质资源共1 220份,利用95对SSR引物评估其遗传多样性与亲缘关系。结果表明,利用95对SSR引物总共检测到451个等位变异,平均每对引物4.74个,变化范围为1~19。1 220份青稞种质可被划分为A1和A2两个亚群,A1亚群有192份材料,主要为国外青稞种质;A2亚群有1 028份材料,主要为青藏高原地区种质;与A2亚群相比,A1亚群具有较高的遗传多样性和等位变异丰度。分子方差分析和遗传分化分析显示,A1和A2亚群间具有显著的群体分化,群体间遗传差异能解释17.29%群体方差。构建的青稞核心种质群体包括300个材料,代表了原始群体约98.4%的遗传变异和94.7%以上的表型变异。

In order to facilitate the application of diverse barley germplasm,a set of 1 220 hulless barley（Hordeum vulgare L.）accessions with worldwide geographic origins were collected and the genetic variability and relatedness were assessed based on 95 simple sequence repeat（SSR）markers.The results revealed 95 SSR primers totally detected 451 alleles in the whole population,with 4.74 alleles per primer on average and ranging from 1 to 19 alleles.The structure analysis suggested that the whole population could be divided into two subpopulations（A1 and A2）.The A1 subpopulation containing 192 accessions majorly originating from abroad regions,showed the significantly higher SSR diversity and allelic richness than the A2 population of 1 028 accessions basically dispersing around in Tibet and nearby areas.The analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA）and pairwise FSTrevealed the significantly genetic differentiation between subpopulations,which explained 17.29% of total population variance.In order to reduce redundancy within germplasm resource,a core collection of hullessbarley with 300 accessions was established.The core collection accounted for 98.4% of SSR alleles and more than 94.7% of phenotypic diversity in the raw barley population.