七个玉米群体主要农艺性状配合力分析

Combining Ability Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Seven Maize Populations

通过对群体的配合力和杂种优势关系分析,鉴定其育种利用潜力,筛选优良群体,拓宽与丰富我国种质遗传基础,为长期可持续的创造优良种质新材料奠定基础。本文以7个玉米群体为供试材料,利用自选骨干自交系绥系708、绥系709、四-144、四-287为测验种,系统研究7个玉米群体在黑龙江省的主要农艺性状配合力和杂种优势分析。结果表明:产量及农艺性状配合力综合表现较好的S6群可重点利用,中群21、S1群、S4群综合农艺性状较好,但因存在易秃尖、空秆或不抗丝黑穗病等不利因素,有必要对其进一步改良,然后再进行利用,其它3个群体产量GCA为负值,不利于产量形成,但是在降低株高、穗位高、秃尖长度、丝黑穗病发病率等方面具有各自独特的潜力,因此可以在实践工作中,根据育种目标进行选择利用。根据生产实践,单株产量SCA高的组合不一定是高产组合,因此鉴定群体组配高产组合的潜力,必须GCA和SCA同时兼顾,两者都高的群体,才更易选育出综合农艺性状优良的自交系。

In order to analyze the combination ability and heterosis relationship of the population,identify the breeding utilization potential of the population,select the suitable population,widen and enrich the genetic basis of germplasm,and lay the foundation for the long-term sustainable creation of new germplasm materials,in this study,seven maize populations were used as experimental material,Sui 708,Sui 709,Si-144 and Si-287 were selected as experimental materials to study the main agronomic traits of seven maize populations in Heilongjiang province.The results showed that the S6 population with good overall combining ability of yield and agronomic traits could be utilized.Zhongqun 21,S1 and No.4 had defect agronomic characters,such as bar rust or black head disease,which needed to be further improved.The other three groups had negative GCA yield,which was detrimental to yield formation but decreased plant height,spike height,bald length,stubble smut has its unique potential,so it could be used in practice according to breeding objectives.According to the production practice,the combination of high yield is not necessarily a combination of high yield.Therefore,GCA and SCA must be considered in order to determine the potential of high-yielding combinations.