不同深松年限处理对黑龙江省西部地区盐碱土耕层结构及玉米产量的影响

Effects of Different Deep Loosening Years Treatments on the Layer Structure and the Yield of Maize of Saline Alkali Soil in Semi-arid Region of Heilongjiang Province

为构建黑龙江省西部苏打盐碱土合理耕层,试验设不深松(CK)、隔两年深松、隔一年深松、连年深松4个试验处理,分别在播种前、开花期、成熟期测定0~50cm土壤耕层的含水量、容重等耕层指标,并在成熟期测定玉米产量性状指标,以探讨不同深松年限处理对盐碱土耕层结构的影响。结果表明:深松处理能够提高各耕层的土壤含水量,降低土壤耕层容重,连年深松处理>隔年深松处理>隔2年深松处理>不深松处理;产量对比,隔年深松处理>隔2年深松处理>连年深松处理>不深松处理。由此得出,深松处理能够改善土壤耕层结构,有利于玉米产量的提高,但连年深松增产效果逐渐降低,因此最佳深松模式为隔年深松模式。

In order to discuss the effects of different deep loosening treatments on the layer structure of saline alkali soil,we compared four kinds of deep loosening years treatments,including no deep loosening,deep loosening every other year,deep loosening every two years and deep loosening every year,the indexes of water content and bulk density of 0-50 cm soil plough layer were measured before sowing,flowering and mature,respectively.The results showed that,deep loosening treatment increased the soil water content of the plough layer and reduced the bulk density of the soil,and deep loosening effect of deep loosening every year〉 deep loosening every other year〉 deep loosening every two years〉no deep loosening;The increase of yield of deep loosening every other 〉year deep loosening every two years 〉deep loosening every year 〉no deep loosening.Deep loosening treatments could effectively reduce soil bulk density,improve soil plough layer structure,improve soil water content,and build reasonable plowing layer suitable for crop growth,which was conducive to maize yield improvement.But successive years of deep loosening will leaded to a reduction in the effect of increasing production,therefore,the best deep loosening mode was deep loosening every one year or two years.