自主神经功能在兔动脉粥样硬化中的作用及蜂王浆的干预

Role of autonomic nervous function in and the effect of royal jelly intervention on rabbit atherosclerosis

目的探讨自主神经在兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)中的作用及蜂王浆干预效果。方法取雄性日本大耳白兔18只,随机分为正常对照(NC)组、高脂高糖饮食(HFHSD)组、蜂王浆治疗(RJ)组,每组6只。采用高脂高糖饮食12周诱发AS模型,同时RJ组每次口服200 mg/kg蜂王浆,2次/日。造模结束后,取血测定血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)水平;并测量心电图和血压,分别测量心率变异性(HRV)和心血管压力反射敏感性(BRS)反应;取血管进行HE病理观察和苏丹IV染色评估AS程度。结果与NC组比,HFHSD组血脂升高(P<0.05),主动脉有明显的脂质沉积和AS斑块(P<0.05,P<0.01),血浆SOD活性和NO水平下降且MDA含量升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),心功能降低的同时伴有HRV和BRS值降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);与HFHSD组比,蜂王浆治疗组能明显改善上述指标。结论高脂高糖饮食能导致兔心脏自主神经功能紊乱,并促进AS发生,蜂王浆干预后能调整自主神经功能,延缓AS病变。

Objective To investigate the role of autonomic nervous function and the effect of royal jelly intervention on rabbit models of atherosclerosis（ AS）. Methods Eighteen healthy 3-4-month old male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into normal control（ NC） group,high-fat high-sugar diet（ HFHSD） group and royal jelly intervention（ RJ） group,6 rabbits in each group. The rabbits received high-fat and high-sugar diet for 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis model. At the same time,the RJ group was orally given 200 mg/kg royal jelly daily,twice a day,for consecutive 12 weeks. The plasma levels of total cholesterol（ TC）,triglyceride（ TG）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-C）,superoxide dismutase（ SOD）,malondialdehyde（ MDA） and nitric oxide（ NO） were detected. The electrocardiogram and blood pressure were monitored,and the heart rate variability（ HRV） and baroreflex sensitivity（ BRS） were analyzed. The pathological changes in the abdominal aorta tissues were observed using HE and Sudan IV staining,respectively. Results Compared with the NC group,the levels of serum lipids in the HFHSD group were significantly increased（ P〈 0. 05）. The lipid deposition and atherosclerotic plaque sizes in the abdominal aorta were significantly increased（ P〈 0. 05）. The plasma SOD and NO levels were decreased and the MDA content was increased（ P〈 0. 05,P〈 0. 01）. The reduction of cardiac function was accompanied by a decrease of HRV and BRS values（ P〈 0. 05,P〈 0. 01）. Compared with the HFHSD group,RJ significantly improved the above indicators. Conclusions High fat and high sugar diet can lead to cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction and to further form atherosclerosis in rabbits. Royal jelly intervention can regulate cardiac autonomic nervous function and delay the development of atherosclerotic lesions.