摘要
将生物质(锯末)分别在高温裂解(500℃)和水热炭化(260℃)条件下制备得到裂解生物炭(PSBC)和水热生物炭(HSBC),采用土柱试验方法对比PSBC和HSBC在不同施加量(w=0.5%,w=3%)条件下对水稻生长、产量及氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明,PSBC-0.5%和HSBC-0.5%处理对水稻产量无显著影响(P>0.05),PSBC-3%处理对水稻产量和生长的影响较小;而HSBC-3%处理则导致水稻产量下降64.73%,且主要对产量因子中的每穗总粒数和结实率产生负面影响。水稻氮素利用效率分析表明,与施氮对照(CKU)相比,PSBC-0.5%处理水稻籽粒吸氮量、氮肥吸收利用率和农学效率分别提高23.68%、57.46%和1.86%;而HSBC-3%处理显著抑制水稻生长,籽粒吸氮量比CKU降低67.46%,氮肥吸收利用率和农学效率则呈负值。研究表明,高施加量HSBC对水稻生长有显著负面影响,而低施加量HSBC对水稻生长影响不显著。因此,在将水热炭应用于农田时,需严格控制其施用量或对水热炭进行改良,提高其生物兼容性,防止对农业生产造成不利影响。
Biochar has received extensive attention as soil amendment,solid carbon sequestration and pollution reduction method in recent years. Hydrothermal carbonization( HTC) of biomass to produce hydrothermal carbon,i. e.,hydrochar,has attracted great interest in the past few years. Hydrochar produced with HTC process exhibited many advantages over pyrochar,such as lower side-effects during production,less energy consumption as well as higher yield and better application prospect as precursor. However,there were limited studies on the application of hydrochar to farmland,and up to now,few reports are related to the application of hydrochar to rice paddy field. Herein,soil column experiment was conducted and hyrochar was for the first time applied to rice paddy field. As comparison,biochar prepared under high temperature pyrolysis conditions( pyrochar,PSBC) and hydrothermal carbonized conditions( hydrochar,HSBC) of sawdust were applied with two application rates( w = 0. 5%,w = 3%,respectively). And their influences on rice growth,yield and nitrogen use efficiency( NUE) were evaluated. Results show that PSBC-0. 5% and HSBC-0. 5% were observed no significant effect on rice yield( P〉0. 05). PSBC-3% had no prominent influence on rice yield and growth,surprisingly,HSBC-3% induced a significant reduction( P〈0. 05) by 64. 73% in rice yield,mainly resulted from the reduction of grains per spike and seed setting rate. Additionally,nitrogen uptake of grain,NUE and agronomic efficiency of PSBC-0. 5% treatment increased by 23. 68%,57. 46% and 1. 86% compared with CKU,respectively. In contrast,the treatment of HSBC-3% significantly inhibited rice growth,which reduced nitrogen uptake of grain by 67. 46% compared with CKU,and the utilization efficiency and agronomy efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer were negative. Results show that HSBC with high applicationrate had a significant negative impact on rice growth,while this phenomenon was not observed in low application rate of HSBC. Therefore,to prevent the adverse effects on agricultural production, hydrochar application rate should be controlled strictly or some engineering pretreatment measures are recommended to improve their biocompatibility.
作者
王悦满
冯彦房
杨林章
刘杨
侯朋福
李辉信
薛利红
WANG Yue-man1,2, FENG Yan-man1,2, YANG Lin-zhang1,2 LIU Yang2, HOU Peng-fu2, LI Hui-xin1 , XUE Li-hong1,2(1. College of Resources and Envi- ronment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2. Institute of Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences/ Key Laboratory- of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, Chin)
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期755-761,共7页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金(41401345
41601319)
农业公益性行业科研专项(201503106)
江苏省自主创新项目[CX(15)1004]
关键词
水热炭化
高温裂解
施加量
水稻产量
氮素利用率
hydrothermal carbonation
pyrolysis
application rate
rice yield
nitrogen use efficiency