基于光纤传感的输电线路覆冰监测系统研究

Monitoring and Analysis of Icing on Transmission Lines Based on Optical Fiber Sensing

输电线路严重覆冰将会造成输电塔倒塌或导线断线等事故,形成大面积停电、电网崩溃瓦解的电网事故。现用人工观冰为输电线路启动融冰提供决策依据,进而来预防覆冰过重。基于光纤传感技术与覆冰计算模型开展输电导线覆冰监测方法研究,实现云南电网某110 kV输电线路主要覆冰期(2015年12月18日至2016年2月17日)的在线监测,并与人工观冰结果进行对比验证。以4个人工观冰时间点的监测数据为例,人工观冰得到最大覆冰厚度分别为0.6 mm、0.9 mm、4.2 mm、1.5 mm;而光纤监测得到的等效覆冰厚度分别为0.381 mm、0.362 mm、0.892 mm、0.415 mm。对比发现最大覆冰厚度约为等效覆冰厚度的2～4倍。因此,基于光纤传感的输电线路覆冰监测方法可用来监测导线的等效覆冰厚度,为直流融冰等除冰过程提供数据支撑,以保障电网的安全稳定运行。

Transmission lines icing might lead to the collapse of the transmission tower or the disconnection of the wire. The artificial icing is used as a basis decision for the ice melting to prevent the icing. The transmission line icing monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing technology and the icing model were used to realize the monitoring of one 110 kV transmission line of Yunnan power during the mainly icing period（December 18,2015 to February 17,2016）. The monitoring results were verified by the data of artificial ice. Taking four monitoring data by artificial ice as examples,the maximum ice thickness values were 0.6 mm,0.9 mm,4.2 mm,1.5 mm,and the equivalent icing thickness monitored by fiber sensing technology were 0.381 mm,0.362 mm,0.892 mm,0.415 mm,respectively. The maximum ice thickness is about 2 ～ 4 times of the equivalent icing thickness. Thus,the transmission line icing monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing technology can be used to monitor the equivalent thickness of the ice on the lines,and can provide data for the DC deicing,so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.