不同肉色甘薯产量和农艺性状相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Yield and Agronomic Traits among Different Flesh Color of Sweet Potato

【目的】研究不同肉色甘薯产量和农艺性状的相关性。【方法】对白肉品种,紫肉品种和黄肉品种等43份材料的产量和农艺性状进行测定,并作相关性分析。【结果】不同肉色甘薯产量差异显著,白肉甘薯鲜薯产量(34 439.88±1702.85)kg/hm^2高于紫肉甘薯(28 123.69±1975.41)kg/hm^2和黄肉甘薯(27 204.95±1382.16)kg/hm^2,非云南品种鲜薯产量(32 064.77±2911.09)kg/hm^2高于云南品种甘薯(24 576.61±1309.00)kg/hm^2。不同类型甘薯农艺性状差异显著,白肉品种的基部分枝数、单株结薯数、鲜薯产量、薯干重量、干率、淀粉含量和淀粉产量等高于黄肉品种和紫肉品种,黄肉品种的蔓长和薯块熟食适口评分高于白肉品种和紫肉品种,云南品种的蔓长长于非云南品种,非云南品种地下部性状高于云南品种,云南品种甘薯薯块熟食适口评分高于非云南品种。相关性分析显示,紫肉品种的基部分枝数与茎粗呈极显著正相关(r=0.313);淀粉产量与干率呈极显著正相关(r=0.485),与商品薯率呈显著正相关(r=0.017),与淀粉含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.985)。黄肉品种的茎粗与基部分枝数呈极显著负相关(r=-0.620),与淀粉产量呈显著正相关(r=0.442);薯块熟食适口评分与干率、淀粉含量、淀粉产量均呈极显著负相关(r=-0.790,-0.724,-0.497)。【结论】不同肉色的品种甘薯农艺性状差异巨大,亲缘关系相差较远,在育种过程中亲本选配时,可以考虑用不同肉色的品种进行杂交,有望从杂交后代中选育出好的品种。

【Objective】The purpose of the article is to investigate the correlations with yield and agronomic traits of the various flesh color types of sweet potato. 【Method】The yield and agronomic traits of the 43 sweet potato with white-fleshed,purple-fleshed and yellow-fleshed were evaluated by correlation analysis. 【Result】The yield varied among the different sweet potato cultivars. The fresh yield（34 439. 88 ±1702. 85） kg/hm-2 of white flesh sweet potato was higher than the purple-fleshed sweet potato（ 28 123. 69 ± 1975. 41） kg/hm-2 and the yellow-fleshed（27 204. 95 ± 1382. 16） kg/hm-2. The fresh yield of introduced varieties sweet potato（32 064. 77 ± 2911. 09） kg/hm-2 was higher than the local ones（24 576. 61 ± 1309. 00） kg/hm-2. The agronomic traits（ e. g.,number of branches,number of storage root per plant,fresh yield,dry matter content,dry root yield,starch content and starch yield） of sweet potato cultivars with white flesh color were higher than the ones with purple flesh color and yellow flesh color. Both the length of vines and tuber cooked food palatability score of cultivars with yellow flesh color were higher than the ones with white-fleshed and purple-fleshed. The length of vines of local cultivars was longer than the introduced cultivars. The dry matter content of tubers of introduced cultivars was higher than the ones the local cultivars. The tuber cooked food palatability score of local cultivars was higher than the introduced ones. For purple-fleshed accessions,number of branches had extremely significantly positive correlations with stem diameter（r = 0. 313）. Starch yield had extremely significant positive correlation with dry matter content（ r = 0. 485） and starch content（ r = 0. 985）,and significant positive correlation with commodity rate（ r = 0. 017）. For yellow-fleshed accessions,number of branches had extremely significant positive correlation with stem diameter（ r =-0. 620）,and significant positive correlation with starch yield（ r = 0. 442）. Palatability was extremely significant negative correlation with dry matter content,starch content and starch yield（ r =-0. 790,-0. 724 and-0. 497,respectively）. 【Conclusion】The cultivars with different flesh color maybe have the big genetic distance,since the yields and agronomic traits are significantly different among different flesh color types. These results suggest that crosses between different flesh color parents should be emphasized in sweet potato breeding in future.