本征型自修复弹性体的研究进展

Research Progress on Intrinsic Self-Healing Elastomer

弹性体材料在加工和使用过程中往往会受到环境或外加剪切应力作用,导致不可预期的损伤和结构破坏。通过自修复技术可有效延长材料的寿命,提高使用安全性,降低维修成本,同时实现材料的循环回收利用,降低材料失效带来的一系列安全和环境问题,因此对弹性体自修复性能的研究具有重要意义。目前自修复弹性体的研究主要分为两大类:外援型自修复和本征型自修复。其中,借助可逆化学实现的本征型自修复具有无需外加修复剂即可实现多次损伤修复的优点,近年来受到更多关注。文章主要介绍了自修复弹性体的研究现状,综述了最近几年基于可逆氢键、可逆离子键、可逆配位键等可逆非共价键,以及可逆Diels-Alder反应、可逆双硫键等可逆共价键设计和制备本征型自修复弹性体的研究成果,并对自修复弹性体的发展进行展望。

Elastomer materials often suffer from environmental or shear stress during processing and usage, which may result in unexpected damage and failure. Self-repairing can extend the material lifetime, improve safety and help material recycling, which can reduce safety and environmental issues. Therefore, the development of self-healing elastomer is of great significance. Currently, there are two well-established strategies including extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing systems. Compared with extrinsic self-healing, intrinsic self-healing based on reversible chemistry is more attractive for its multiple reparability with no need of repairing agents. This review introduces current research progress of intrinsic self-healing elastomers, which are designed and prepared based on reversible non-covalent bonds and reversible covalent bonds including hydrogen bond, ionic bond, metal-ligand coordination chemistry, Diels-Alder reaction and disulfide-bond reaction. Challenges and future research opportunities are highlighted.