新疆南疆兵团农果复合生态系统的能值分析

Emergy Analysis of Crop-fruit Ecological in the Southern Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

本研究以新疆生产建设兵团第一师、第二师、第三师、第十四师及各团场农果复合生态系统为研究对象,采用能值理论的分析方法,对南疆的农果复合生态系统进行了能值分析研究。结果表明:(1)南疆兵团区域的环境压力相对较小,能值投入以环境能源为主,贡献率为61.15~66.05%;(2)辅助能值投入以不可更新的辅助能源为主,占92.25~98.33%,且以农药、机械、磷肥、氮肥的比重较大,能值投入率低是生产力低下的主要原因;(3)从农业、果业、畜牧业对农果复合生态系统能值产出的贡献率来看,第一师的农、果业发展相对均衡,第二师、第三师、第十四师则分别形成了以畜牧业、农业、果业为支柱产业的发展格局。新疆南疆兵团农果复合生态系统的能值投入率与产出率水平均不高,环境压力相对较小,能值利用水平相对较高,可持续发展势头较强。

This study,the crop-fruit ecological system of the first,the second,the third and the fourteenth division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were taken as the research object,the energy value theory was adopted as the analysis method,and the composite ecosystem was analyzed.The results showed that：（1）The environmental pressure is relatively small in southern of Xinjiang,and the energy input is mainly from environmental energy,with a contribution rate of 61.15 ~ 66.05%.（2） The nonrenewable energy accounted most of supplemental energy input which occupied for 92.25 ~ 98.33%,and in the form of the pesticide,agricultural machine,phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizers.the low energy input ratio is the main reason resulted in low productivity;（3）According to the contribution rate of the energy output for the agriculture,fruit,livestock from the crop-fruit ecological system,the development of agriculture and fruit industry of the first division is relatively balanced.The second division,the third division and the fourteenth division has formed the development pattern of livestock,agriculture and fruit industry as pillar industry.The energy input to output rate of the crop-fruit system are low,the environmental pressure is relatively small,the energy utilization level is higher,and the momentum of sustainable development is stronger in southern of Xinjiang.