枣庄市地表水中重金属分布特征与潜在风险分析

Distribution characteristics and potential risk analysis of heavy metals in surface water of Zaozhuang City

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析枣庄市地表水中18种重金属的含量和分布特征,对各重金属的潜在风险进行分析和评价。结果表明:18种重金属元素的质量浓度在0~5.513μg/L之间,其重金属含量按高低顺序依次为:镍>砷>铁>铜>锌>铬>钴>锡>锑>镉>汞>铋>钒>钼>铊>钛>铅>金;18种重金属的空间分布存在差异,其中铅、砷、铬、镍、钴、钛、铁等7种重金属元素空间分布差异较大,尤其韩庄运河峄城大沙河、漷河、荆河、伊家河的重金属元素含量较高;枣庄市地表水中重金属污染负荷指数PLI值在0.61~1.72之间,平均值为1.02,这表明枣庄市地表水存在轻微中等污染;枣庄市地表水存在潜在生态风险,其中韩庄运河峄城大沙河总生态风险水平属于重度水平,陶沟河和周营沙河总生态风险水平属于中度水平,其余12个地表水属于低度生态风险水平。

The contents and distribution characteristics of 18 kinds of heavy metals in surface water of Zaozhuang city were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, and the potential risk of those heavy metals were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the mass concentrations of 18 kinds of heavy metals were in range of 0-5.513 μg/L, the contents of them showed the descending order as follows：nickel arsenic iron copper zinc chromium cobalt tin antimony cadmium mercury bismuth vanadium molybdenum thallium titanium lead gold. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of 18 kinds of heavy metals, among them, the spatial distribution differences of 7 kinds of heavy metals： nickel, arsenic, chrome, nickel, cobalt, titanium, and iron, were greater. The heavy metal elements contents in Dasha river, Huo river, Jing river and Yinjia river of Hanzhuang canal Yicheng district were especially higher. The heavy metal pollution index PLI of surface water in Zaozhuang city was 0.61-1.72, the average value was 1.02, which showed that, the pollution of surface water of Zaozhuang city was slight and moderate, potential ecological risk was exist. However, the ecological risk level of Dasha river of Hanzhuang canal Yicheng district belongs to severe level, the total ecological risk level of Taogou river and Zhouyingsha river belongs to medium level, and the remaining 12 surface water belongs to low ecological risk level.