机采棉采收服务体系构建评价研究

Evaluation and Path Selection of Service System Construction of Machine Harvesting Cotton in Xinjiang from the Perspective of Structural Reform on the Supply Side of Agriculture

【目的】评价新疆机采棉采收服务体系,为新疆机采棉发展提供理论基础。【方法】运用AHP方法,从棉花生产、采收、加工、经济效益以及社会化服务等构建新疆机采棉采收服务评价体系。利用2010和2016年数据,采用进步指数方法,评价新疆机采棉采收服务体系。【结果】(1)机采棉比较经济效益占比权重最大,市场化因素是构建新疆机采棉采收服务体系的关键。(2)2010～2016年间新疆机采棉采收服务水平提升加快,进步程度达283%。(3)棉花机械化作业社会化服务发展较为缓慢,进步程度仅为9.16%。【结论】新疆机采棉采收服务总体服务水平显著增强,但内部各要素发展不均衡。应提高棉花生产基础水平、提升棉花加工能力、完善社会保障体系及市场流通体系。

【Objective】This project aims to assess the service system for machine harvesting cotton in Xinjiang thus fully understanding the development degree and existing problems in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for putting forward scientific and reasonable countermeasures and suggestions. 【Method】The AHP method was used to construct the evaluation system of cotton harvesting service in Xinjiang from the aspects of cotton production,harvesting,processing,economic benefit and socialized service. The data of 2010 and 2016 and the progress index method were used to evaluate the progress of the service system of machine harvesting in Xinjiang.【Result】The results were：（1） The proportion of comparative economic benefit of machine harvesting cotton was the largest in Xinjiang,and the marketization factor was the key to construct the service system.（2） In the past six years,the service level of mechanized cotton harvesting in Xinjiang has accelerated,with advancement degree of 283%.（3） The socialization service of cotton mechanization operation was relatively slow,and the advancement degree was only 9. 16%.【Conclusion】The overall service level of mechanized cotton operation in Xinjiang is significantly enhanced,but the development of internal factors has not been balanced,so It is suggested to improve the basic level of cotton production,improve the cotton processing capacity,and improve the social security system and market circulation system.