城市文化创意产业集聚的特征及影响因素——基于北京的实证分析

Characteristics and Influencing Factors for the Spatial Clustering of Cultural and Creative Industries in Cities： A Case Study of Beijing

文化创意产业在城市中呈现明显的空间集聚,但是由于文化创意产业涵盖多样的产业内容,不同类别的文化创意产业活动在空间集聚上的差异性并未得到有效区分。以我国文化中心城市北京为实证对象,基于北京市工商局的企业数据和艺术门户网站的艺术活动数据,采用距离分析和空间聚类分析检测文化创意产业不同行业的集聚特征,并探讨影响产业集聚的因素。结果显示3个类别（艺术、媒体、功能创意）中的6个文化创意行业具有差异化的集聚特性和集聚空间模式,并受到企业区位选择和地方发展环境两大因素的不同影响。结果表明需要制定符合不同文化创意行业自身特点且有针对性的空间发展政策。

Cultural and creative industries show significant clustering feature in spatial distribution in cities, whilst the differences of varying types of cultural and creative activities have not been effectively distinguished due to the diversity of these industries. Using China＇s cultural center（i.e., Bei- jing） as a case study, the paper applies distance analysis and spatial cluste- ring analysis for examining the clustering characteristics and their influencing factors. The location data of the industries are collected from in- dustrial registration records and online information. Findings show that the three sub-sectors（i.e., arts, media and functional creation） present different clustering properties and patterns, and are affected by two interlocking processes of business location and local development context. These results indicate that spatial policy innovations are urgently required in order to pro- mote the sustainable development of cultural and creative industries.