催化裂化装置粉尘危害分析及改进措施

Analysis and Improvement Measures of Dust Hazard in FCCU

随着社会进步和相关法律法规的日益完善,作为催化裂化装置主要的职业病危害之一粉尘的防治问题越来越受企业和职工的关注。某炼厂120万t/a重油催化裂化装置生产过程中主要的粉尘危害存在于催化剂装卸过程,装卸作业区域内的粉尘浓度远远高出接触限值,对现场作业人员的职业健康造成严重影响。文章对该装置在降低作业现场粉尘浓度方面所做的尝试进行了分析,数据表明采用催化剂罐车密闭装剂、四旋卸剂流程优化等措施可以有效降低作业过程中的粉尘浓度,同时也对装置目前在粉尘防治方面存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了采用罐车密闭回收、改进小型加料设施等建议。

With the progress of society and the improvement of relevant laws and regulations, dust prevention and control, one of the major occupational hazards in catalytic cracking units, has drawn more and more attention from enterprises and workers. The dust hazards in the 1.2MMt / year FCCU mainly exist in the process of catalyst loading and unloading, where dust concentration is far higher than the exposure limit, posing serious impact on workers＇ health. In this paper, we analyze the attempts made to reduce dust concentration at the site. The data show that measures like the closed loading from catalyst tanker and the opthnization for the unloading from the four-stage cyclone can effectively reduce the dust concentration during the operation. At the same time, it also analyzes the problems existing in dust prevention and control, and gives some suggestions such as using closed recovery for tankers and improving small feeding devices.