中国企业创新的空间集聚及其对生产率的影响研究

Innovation of Spatial Agglomeration and Enterprise Productivity

全国范围内创新的空间聚集特征越来越明显,创新集聚的测度、演化特征及其对经济增长的影响也备受学界关注。文章利用中国工业企业数据库企业信息和百度地图API获得企业经纬度数据,构建工业企业研发创新的集聚度指数,研究中国工业企业创新的空间集聚特征,然后实证分析其对企业生产率的影响。实证结果表明,创新企业的空间分布表现出相对于工业企业更集聚的特征;根据W指数和产值调整的W指数测算全国各地级市的创新集聚度,并通过聚类分析将其分为六类,发现我国的创新集聚呈现"勺"型的动态演化过程;创新集聚对区域内工业企业生产率的影响呈倒"U"型,创新集聚对创新企业生产率的影响更大。

Based on information of China＇s industrial enterprise database and the latitude and longitude data of each enterprise obtained by Baidu Map API,this paper is to construct RD innovation agglomeration index of industrial enterprises,and to research spatial agglomeration of innovation activity by Chinese enterprises,and to empirically analyze the influence of innovation agglomeration on business productivity. The empirical results show that the spatial distribution of innovative enterprises exhibits more agglomeration features than that of other no innovation enterprises; According to W index and output-weighted adjust W index,we,by cluster analysis,divide China＇s cities into six types and find that dynamic evolution process of the innovation agglomeration exhibits＂scoop＂type characteristic; The effect of innovation agglomeration on the productivity of whole industrial enterprises exhibits the inverted＂U＂type,and acts a greater influence on innovation enterprises.