竞争性选举、党的领导与农村基层民主实践——对我国东部沿海两地经验的比较分析

Voting,Leadership of the CPC and Rural Democracy:Based on the Comparison of Two Regions in Eastern China

在推进我国民主政治建设的事业中,如何实现中国共产党的领导地位是政治学必须要回答的重大理论问题。以村委会选举为核心内容的农村村民自治,被视为我国自下而上进行的一场"民主试验",这场民主实践为理论反思和理论建构提供了丰富的经验素材。基层党组织的"领导核心"角色在村民自治中如何落实,是推进农村基层民主发展的关键。对比分析我国东部沿海两个地区的村级治理后发现,竞争性选举不必然输出实质民主和村庄善治,党组织在农村基层民主活动中扮演着积极角色,加强基层党组织的领导能力是推进基层民主有效运转的必要条件。农村民主实践离不开基层党组织的领导这一基于微观经验分析所得出的结论,在认识我国民主政治发展规律方面具备一般意义。

The democratic political development of China relies on the leadership of the Communist Party. Chinese rural elections are ＂democracy experiments＂and have been the issue of political science. The author analyzes rural elections in two regions of eastern China in this article and draw the conclusion that rural election has its limitations and it is not a sufficient condition for good governance in rural areas for which the leadership of the Communist Party of China is a necessary condition.