佛山乐从地区家具工人变应性鼻炎变应原检测分析

Determination of allergen of allergic rhinitis among furniture workers in Lecong area of Foshan

目的 分析佛山乐从地区家具工人变应性鼻炎变应原阳性分布情况.方法 收集2014年1月至2016年6月就诊于本院五官科的变应性鼻炎患者500例为观察组,职业均为家具工人;另选取同期本院就诊的非家具工人变应性鼻炎患者500例为对照组.进行患者血清总IgE水平与血清特异性变应原检测及变应原皮肤点刺试验,探讨两组患者吸入性变应原的阳性分布情况,分析两种变应原检测方法的一致性.结果 观察组和对照组患者血清总IgE阳性率分别为95.6％（478/500）、92.8％ （464/500）,组间比较差异无统计学意义（x2=3.59,P＞0.05）.血清特异性变应原检测和变应原皮肤点刺试验结果显示,两组患者螨类（粉尘螨、屋尘螨、热带螨）变应原阳性率均最高,且观察组螨类、德国小蠊、交链孢菌属、多主枝孢菌属、树木、杂草、霉菌变应原阳性率均显著高于对照组（均P＜0.05）.两种变应原检测方法的一致性较好（均Kappa值＞0.6）.结论 相对于非家具工人,家具工人变应性鼻炎的螨类等多种变应原阳性率均升高.

Objective To determine the positive distribution of allergen of allergic rhinitis among furniture workers in Lecong area of Foshan.Methods Five hundred patients （furniture workers） with allergic rhinitis,who were treated in the Otolaryngology Department of our hospital between January 2014 and June 2016,were included as the study group.A contemporary cohort of 500 patients （non-furniture workers） with allergic rhinitis,who were treated in our hospital,was included as the control group.The tests of serum total IgE level and serum-specific allergen and allergen skin prick test were performed in the patients.The positive distribution of inhaled allergens in both groups was examined.The consistency of the two allergen determinations was analyzed.Results The positive rates of serum total IgE in the study group and the control group were 95.6% （478/500） and 92.8% （464/500）,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups （x2=3.59,P〉0.05）.The findings of the serum-specific allergen test and allergen skin prick test showed that the allergen positive rate of mites （dermatophagoides farinae,house dust mites and tropical mites） in the two groups was the highest.The allergen positive rates of mites,German cockroaches,Alternaria spp,Cladosporium herbarum,trees,weeds and fungus in the study groups were higher than those in the control group （all P〈0.05）.The consistency between the two allergen determinations was good （both Kappa values〉0.6）.Conclusion Compared with non-furniture workers,the allergen positive rates （such as mites） in furniture workers with allergic rhinitis increase.