陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益评估

An ecological benefit assessment of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi Province

基于截止2013年底陕西省退耕还林工程的资源数据,依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》和《退耕还林工程生态效益监测评估技术标准与管理规范》,采用分布式测算方法从涵养水源、保育土壤、林木营养物质积累、固碳释氧、保护生物多样性、净化大气环境及森林防护等7个方面对陕西省退耕还林工程的生态效益进行评估,得出陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益价值量为973.47亿元/a,以涵养水源(274.06亿元/a)、净化大气环境(203.96亿元/a)和固碳释氧(173.95亿元/a)价值为主;3种植被恢复类型中以宜林荒山荒地造林模式的生态价值最高,封山育林模式的价值最低;在3个林种类型中,生态林的生态效益价值大于经济林和灌木林;在不同区域的生态效益价值评估中,以延安市的生态效益价值量为最高。

Based on the resource area data of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi province by the end of 2013, according to the standards of ＂Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China＂ and ＂Ecological Standard Monitoring and Evaluation of Grain for Green Project＂, the ecological benefits of the project in Shaanxi Province were assessed with the distributed measurement method for water storage, soil conservation, nutrient accumulation, C fixation and O2 release, biodiversity conservation, air quality purification, and forest protection. We concluded that the total value of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi province was 97.347 billion yuan, with the most valuable assets being water storage （27.407 billion yuan）, air quality purification （20.396 billion yuan）, and C fixation and O2 release （17.395 billion yuan）. The ecosystem service of afforestation on barren hills and wasteland was the highest and the closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation was the lowest. The ecosystem services of ecological forests were better than those of economic forests and shrubs among three forest types. In the value of ecological benefits in different regions, the value of Yan＇an city was the highest.