残疾模式:残疾研究的理论、政策与福利框架

Disability Model: Theory, Policy, and Welfare Framework

残疾模式是残疾问题研究的基本范式,是文化价值理念、社会话语体系、福利资源分配和政府政策设计的重要依据。从西方福利国家残疾模式研究来看,残疾模式在不同社会形态中逐渐形成了相匹配的理论样态和实践样态,并逐渐构建出理论范式、政策设计、福利供给的三维递进研究框架。这对于满足残疾人福利需求、体现人类文明,具有重要意义。然而,我国残疾人福利政策制定和服务供给设计缺乏理念范式基础,未形成体系化的残疾模式,残疾人福利资源获得和个人发展缺少系统指导。因此,尝试建立与我国国情相匹配的残疾模式框架体系将有助于提升残疾人生存和发展水平,体现社会进步和文明。

Disability model is a basic paradigm of disability research. It is an important basis for cultural values, social discourse system, welfare resource allocation and government policy design. According to the research on disabled model in western welfare countries, the disability model has gradually generated matching theoretical and practice forms under different social circumstances, and has gradually constructed three dimensional progressive research framework of theoretical paradigm, policy design and welfare provision. It is of great significance to meet the welfare needs of the disabled and to reflect the human civilization. However, the design of welfare policy and service supply for the disabled in China lacks the basis of concept paradigm, and has not formed a systematic disability model, and the welfare resources and personal development of the disabled are lack of systematic guidance. There is a lack of systematic guidance for the disable＇s welfare resources acquisition and personal development. Therefore,trying to establish a disability model framework system that matches our national conditions will help us improve the level of survival and development of disabled people, and reflect social progress and civilization.