风力机智能叶片气弹建模与主动控制仿真研究

Study on Aeroelastic Modeling and Active Control Simulation of Smart Wind Turbine Blades

为研究大型风力机智能叶片的气弹特性及尾缘襟翼对叶片形变和疲劳载荷的影响,以带有尾缘襟翼的NREL 5 MW参考风力机为研究对象,综合柔性叶片的旋转、重力、阻尼和气弹耦合等因素,建立了智能叶片多模态挥舞气弹模型,并与FAST平台进行仿真对比。基于LMS算法设计了尾缘襟翼主动控制器,在湍流风况下对叶尖偏移量进行控制仿真。结果表明:该气弹模型的准确度较高;尾缘襟翼主动控制方法可以有效减小叶尖偏移量波动并降低叶片疲劳载荷。

To study the aeroelastic characteristics of smart blades on a large-scale wind turbine and the effects of trailing edge flaps （TEFs） on the deformation and fatigue load of blades, taking NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine with TEFs as an object of study, a multimodal flapwise aeroelastic model of smart blade was established considering the factors of rotation, gravity, damping and aeroelastic coupling of the flexible blades, and subsequently the results were compared with that of FAST. Furthermore, a TEF ac- tive controller was designed based on the least mean square （LMS） algorithm, and a control simulation was conducted for the blade tip deflection under turbulent wind condition. Results show that the accuracy of the aeroelastic model is relatively high, and the TEF active control method can effectively reduce the fluctuation of blade tip deflection and the fatigue load of related blades.