高校语料库亟待建设

University Teaching Corpus Urgently Needs to be Constructed

在进入21世纪后,语料库即将进入了3.0时代,其各个方面的研究将会有全面提升。北京大学、北京外国语大学等国内高校虽然在语料库的研究上取得了进展,但仍有很多高校的语料库建设仍处于起步阶段。建设高校教学语料库,主要有两个方面的意义。首先,建立高校教学语料库能够收集学生日常练习与作业,以及教员日常的批改情况。通过语料库标注信息的定量分析,能够更加直观地了解学生对于课程的掌握情况,从而制定更加科学的教学计划。其次,语料库的搭建过程需要与语言学、统计学以及信息工程学等多领域学科人士的参与,搭建过程能够培养不同领域人员的协作意识,促进多学科建设和发展。除了与普通语料库创建方法(如通过切分、对齐、标注等将生库建成熟库)一致外,高校教学语料库建设的原则为:因地制宜,按需构建,以互联网为平台,实现校内/际共享,服务教学科研。通过对高校教学语料库全面开发和广泛应用,能够有效应对新常态下高校语言类学科培养过程中所面临的各类挑战。

After entering the 21 st century, the corpus is about to enter the 3.0 era and the research in all aspects related to corpus will be fully enhanced. Although Chinese universities such as Peking University and Beijing Foreign Studies University have made progress in corpus research, there are still many colleges and universities whose corpus construction is still in its infancy.The construction of university teaching corpus mainly has two aspects. First, the establishment of university corpus can collect not only students＇ daily prac tices and homework, but also the daily corrections of teachers. Through the quantitative analysis of the corpus annotation information, it is possible for us to more straightforwardly understand the student＇s mastery of the curriculum and thus work out a more scientific teaching plan. Secondly,the construction of corpus requires the participation of people from various disciplines such as linguistics, statistics, and information engineering. The construction process can foster the awareness of collaboration among people in different fields and promote multidisciplinary construction and development. In addition to aligning with the common corpus construction methods（such as applying segmentation, aligning, labeling, etc. to change the raw corpus into annotated corpus）, the principles for the construction of university corpus are： adapting to local conditions,constructing on-demand, and using the Internet as a platform to achieve intra-school/inter-community sharing, so as to serve the teaching and scientific research. Through the comprehensive development and wide application of university teaching corpus, we can effectively deal with all kinds of challenges in the cultivation of university language disciplines under the new normal.