在存在与经验中探寻人的自由——从《影的告别》《阿长与山海经》看鲁迅对启蒙的反思

Seeking Human Freedom from Existence and Experience——Lu Xun's Reflection on the Enlightenment from Farewell to the Shadow and Ah Chang and Classic of Mountains and Seas

鲁迅的散文看不见风花雪月,也难见到小桥流水,而总是在焦虑与孤独中寻找存在的意义,从存在与经验两个方面深入人的不成熟状态。《影的告别》与《阿长与山海经》是其中的代表之作,散文在深入人的不成熟状态的同时,质疑了新文学以来的思想启蒙;通过怀疑者自我对启蒙者自我的怀疑与告别,鲁迅表达自己对启蒙的深层次理解,进而在质疑中寻找一条通往真正的人的自由之道。

There is no romantic theme and no easy living in Lu Xun＇s prose. Instead,Lu Xun tends to seek the meaning of existence in anxiety and loneliness and go deep into the immature state of human beings from the perspectives of existence and experience. Farewell to the Shadow and Ah Chang and Classic of Mountains and Seas are his two representative pieces which probe into the immature state of human beings and question the enlightenment of the new-vernacular literature. Lu Xun expresses his deep understanding of enlightenment and finds a way to the true human freedom through the doubt of and farewell to the enlightening ego from a skeptical ego.