当前儒学领域的几种主体性理论

Contemporary Theories of Confucian Subjectivity

儒学注重修身与实践的特性决定了其本体就是主体,而不是抽象的实体,这也是儒学的特色。原始儒学、宋明儒学、当代新儒家都延续了这一"为己之学"的核心生命。当前儒学研究领域的本体哲学理论主要有"作用心""情本体""仁本体""感通本体""精神人文主义"等几种,各家的理论立足点与内涵都不同。儒家的"主体-本体"不能采用归约主义路线,只有照顾到天道与人道、融合了理性与情感的整全性视角才能接近儒家的本体哲学。儒学的主体性理论对于人类未来的价值观建构有着重要的借鉴意义。

The salient feature of Confucianism is its emphasis on self-cultivation and praxis,which defines its ontology as subjectivity instead of some abstract entities. The original Confucianism,Neo-Confucianism,and New Confucianism are all centered on this core lifeline of ＂learning for oneself＂. Contemporary theories of Confucian subjectivity mainly consist of functional heart-mind,emotion-ontology,Ren-ontology,perception ontology and spiritual humanism. Confucian ontology-subjectivity cannot be approached by reductionism;only a holistic view giving consideration to both Heaven and Human,integrating ration and emotion could be in concert with Confucian philosophy of ontology. The theory of Confucian subjectivity significantly contributes to the establishment of future values for human society.