“理一分殊”视野下传统文化传承的哲学维度——以刘述先“理一分殊”的儒学视野为中心

The Philosophical Dimension of Traditional Culture Inheritance from the Perspective of “Li Yi Fen Shu”——Focusing on Liu Shuxian's Confucian Vision of “Li Yi Fen Shu”

"理一分殊"是宋明儒学的重要概念,确立了以"仁"为追求的"理"作为原则对于"殊"的超越性和恒常性。现代新儒家第三代代表人物刘述先先生将"理一分殊"与卡西尔文化哲学会通,通过对"理一分殊"进行当代的全新阐释展开了重建儒家哲学的文化理路,他用三分法区分传统儒学为精神的儒家、政治化的儒家和民间的儒家,试图确立"精神的儒家"在中国文化"理一"层面的文化"规约原则","殊"则是不同时代特定条件下的具体表现,从而使传统与现代的接通成为可能。基于方法论的角度,刘先生"理一分殊"的儒学视野为当代如何理解传统文化的"传"与"承"提供了哲学维度层面的理解:"传""承"呈现出来的是表现为"分殊"的具体文化内容,"传"是传播、传续之义;"承"则是在通过对文化生命回忆的体验之上生发的新一轮感知创新,具有开启的意义或者说变迁的可能。而文化之所以具有"传"的历史意义又有"承"的生命力,正是统摄"分殊"的"理一"的超越性和恒常性。

＂Li Yi Fen Shu＂is an important concept of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism,which has established the transcendence and constancy of the principle of＂Li＂over＂Shu＂required by＂Ren＂. Liu Shuxian,the third generation representative of modern Neo-Confucianism,who combined＂Li Yi Fen Shu＂and Ernst Cassirer＇s cultural philosophy,unfolded the cultural path of reconstructing the Confucian philosophy through a new interpretation of ＂Li Yi Fen Shu＂. By using trichotomy,Liu divided the traditional Confucianism into three sections,spiritual Confucianism,politicized Confucianism,and popular Confucianism. In this way,he attempted to establish spiritual Confucianism as the principle of conventionality in Chinese culture,in which ＂Li Yi＂is the essential guiding principle,while＂Shu＂is just the specific representations in different era with particular conditions,making it possible to connect the tradition with the modern. From the methodological point of view,Mr. Liu＇s view of Confucianism provides a philosophical understanding of how to understand the ＂chuan＂and ＂cheng＂of the traditional culture. ＂chuan＂and ＂cheng＂represent the specific contents of＂Fen Shu＂,in which the former means communication and continuity,while the latter is a new round of cognitive creation by recalling the cultural life experience,and has the meaning of enlightenment or possibility of evolution. The historical significance of＂chuan＂and the vitality of＂cheng＂of culture just show the transcendence and constancy of ＂Li Yi＂governing the ＂Fen Shu＂.