基于多源流理论的基础研究政策解析——以《国务院关于全面加强基础科学研究的若干意见》为例

Analysis of Basic Research Policy Based on the Multiple Stream Theory——A Case Study of Several Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Basic Scientific Research by the State Council

在金登的多源流理论分析框架下,《国务院关于全面加强基础科学研究的若干意见》形成的问题源流由基础研究投入的中外对比差距大、原创性成果较少、领军人物匮乏、现行评价体制弊端显现等问题汇聚而成;政策源流包括重要的党政领导人、政府官员、专家学者、全国人大代表和政协委员、大众传媒等参与者的积极建议和行动;政治源流主要体现为中国共产党的执政理念。在2017年全国两会召开这一关键时间点上,三源流充分结合,进而促成《国务院关于全面加强基础科学研究的若干意见》的出台。

Under the framework of the multiple streams theory of John W. Kingdon,this paper discusses the formation of Several Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Basic Scientific Research by the State Council. In the problem stream,the document came out from the large gap between Chinese and foreign investment in basic research,fewer original achievements,scarcity of leading figures,and the appearance of the disadvantages of current evaluation system. Its policy stream is composed of the positive suggestions and actions provided by the leaders of the Party and the government,government officials,experts and scholars,NPC deputies and CPPCC members,and mass media. The political stream is mainly manifested in the governing concepts of the Chinese Communist Party. At the critical point when the two national conferences in 2017 were held,the three streams were fully integrated,and the document Several Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Basic Scientific Research by the State Council was introduced.