不同测量技术检验不同动力拉伸效益的对比实验研究

Contrast experiment research on exercise benefit of different dynamic stretch with different measurement techniques

目的:运用不同测量技术探讨2种不同动力拉伸方式(闭锁式与开放式),主动直腿抬高拉伸(straight leg raising stretch,SLR)以及主动脚趾接触拉伸(toe-touch stretch,TTS)对股后肌群柔韧、肌肉硬度、疼痛阈值与肌力影响的差异。方法:38位健康男性大学生,平均年龄20.09±2.31 a,平均身高175.27±4.03 cm,平均体重68.27±4.20 kg。以重复测量的交叉比较设计,前测进行肌肉硬度、疼痛阈值、被动直膝抬腿(passive straight leg lift,PSLL)、主动直膝抬腿(active straight leg lift,ASLL)、肌力(向心、离心)等测量,拉伸后进行后测,7天后进行另一种拉伸,两种拉伸皆需进行前后测。结果:SLR拉伸组肌肉硬度、柔韧程度、向心肌力均达显著差异(P<0.05),TTS拉伸组在疼痛阈值、肌肉硬度、柔韧、向心与离心肌力上均达显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:TTS拉伸比SLR拉伸更能明显增加柔韧素质,但TTS拉伸会造成肌肉硬度下降,肌肉酸痛的阈值降低,肌力表现下降,可能是过度的拉伸导致肌肉横桥键结范围减少,造成力量表现降低,因此未来选择此拉伸方式可在强度与时间上做出调整。

Objective： Using different measurement techniques to investigate different dynamic stretching mode （closed and open）, active straight leg raise （SLR） and toe-touch stretch （TTS）, and to compare how they influence the results of flexibility test, muscle hardness, pain threshold, and muscle strength differently. Methods： A group of 38 healthy male college students, average age 20.09± 2.31 a , average height 175.27±4.03 cm, average weight 68.27±4.20 kg, re-test and post-test their muscle hardness, pain measurement, flexibility measurements of passive straight leg lift （PSLL）and active straight leg lift （ASLL）, and muscle strength （concentric and eccentric） with one dynamic stretching in between. 7 days later, another pre-test and post-test with the other dynamic stretching in between. Results： SLR group is significant in muscle hardness, flexibility, and concentric strength （ P 〈0.05）. TTS group is significant in pain threshold, muscle hardness, flexibility, and concentric and eccentric muscle strength （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： TTS stretching exercises can increase flexibility and decrease muscle hardness. However, the performance on muscle strength may decline and decrease the threshold of muscle soreness. The reason might be excessive stretching that reduces the bonding range of muscle cross bridge and decreases power performance. Adjustments on the intensity and the duration on stretching are recommended.