长链非编码RNA MIAT与肿瘤关系的研究进展

Research progress on long noncoding RNA MIAT in human carcinomas

长链非编码RNAs是人类正常功能活动的调节因子,也是不同肿瘤发展过程的控制因子。研究表明,lncRNAs的失调涉及细胞的不同行为,包括增殖,凋亡,迁移,侵袭和上皮间质转化等。作为明星分子的lncRNA之一,MIAT的异常表达存在于不同的肿瘤中,包括肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌和前列腺癌等。MIAT是一种新型肿瘤相关lncRNA,其临床应用的潜在价值巨大,有望成为新的肿瘤生物标志物和治疗靶点。本文总结了目前关于MIAT在肿瘤发生发展过程中的生物功能和相关机制。

Long noncoding RNAs（ lncRNAs） are involved in the regulation of normal physiological processes in humans,while also participating in the development and progression of different cancers. Investigations have indicated that the deregulation of lncRNAs is involved in diverse malignant cellular processes,such as proliferation,anti-apoptosis,migration,invasion,and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. A major lncRNA candidate for involvement in cancer is MIAT,the aberrant expression of which has been observed in multiple cancers and functions as an oncogenic factor,including in lung cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,and prostate cancer. MIAT thus has immense potential value in clinical applications,holding promise as a biomarker and therapeutic target. This work summarizes current knowledge of the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of MIAT in the development and progression of cancers.