刘鸿恩辨病以虚为重的思想源流探析

An Analysis of Liu Hongen's Ideological Origin with the Deficiency of Disease

刘鸿恩,清代河南医家,著有《医门八法》流传。他在书中提出辨病应以"表里、虚实、寒热、阴阳"为主,在"八法"的辨病基础上,强调"虚、实"为要,并特别关注对"虚"的辨病。他认为"虚"指的是机体多因气血亏耗波及五脏,致使五脏"藏"的功能受到影响后,内伤杂病多以"虚"为外在表现,并于此提出"五脏皆无实证"的立论。故他在论述疾病上多着眼于从五脏的整体功能考虑,重视补"虚"。关于他辨病重"虚"的思路,通过研习其著作发现来源有二:一是基于《内经》中五脏主"藏",失"藏"多"虚"的观点;二是清朝年间医家治肝多从肝的整体功能出发,多滋阴养肝。

Liu Hongen, Henan doctor of the Qing dynasty, wrote the Eight Methods of Medicine.In his book, he advanced disease should with ＂ exterior and interior, deficiency and excess, chills and fever, yin and yang＂ is given priority. On the basis of ＂ eight methods＂ , it emphasize the importance of ＂ deficiency and excess＂ and pay special attention to the ＂ deficiency＂ differentiation. He thinks ＂ deficiency＂ refers to the body for blood lose money more affected the five internal organs, the five zang-organs affected the function of the ＂ hide＂ , after the internal injm＇ies miscellaneous diseases with more ＂ deficiency＂ is the external performance, and put forward ＂ five zang-organs are no empirical＂ in this case, therefore, his disease more focus on considering from the function of the five zang-organs, attaches great importance to the ＂ deficiency＂ . As for the idea of ＂ deficiency＂ of his disease, through the study of his works,there are two sources of discovery：one is based on the idea that the five zang organs are mainly ＂ hidden＂ in the Neijing, and they lose the idea of ＂ hiding＂ and ＂ deficiency＂ . The second is that during the Qing dynasty, the medical treatment of the liver was mainly from the overall.