严重面部瘢痕患者行皮瓣修复围手术期护理

Perioperative nursing care of patients with severe facial scarring undergoing skin flap repair

目的总结分析严重面部瘢痕患者行皮瓣修复治疗围手术期护理,为临床护理提供参考。方法根据治疗时期不同,将严重面部瘢痕行皮瓣修复患者围手术期护理分为四个阶段,术前给予心理护理、健康宣教和术前准备护理;注水期加强患者疼痛护理及健康教育;术中给予手术配合护理;术后给予"三抗"护理、皮瓣护理、饮食护理、口腔护理及出院指导等系统化护理,观察术后恢复情况及患者对护理工作满意度。结果所有患者皮瓣均存活,切口愈合良好,术后随访12个月,修复区皮肤色泽自然,供皮区无明显瘢痕增生,患者对修复效果满意度为97.29%,护理满意度为100%。结论全面系统的围手术期护理可提升患者治疗认知度,减轻手术痛苦,降低术后并发症发生率,促进皮瓣存活,提升修复效果和护理满意度,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To summarize and analyze perioperative nursing care of patients with severe facial scarring undergoing skin flap repair, so as to provide reference for clinical nursing. Methods According to the different period of treatment, the perioperative nursing care of the patients with severe facial scar flaps was divided into four stages. Psychological nursing, health education and preoperative preparation were given before the operation. The patient＇s pain nursing and health education were strengthened during the water injection period; operation coordination nursing was given during the operation; ＂three anti＂ nursing and skin flap nursing were given after the operation. Physical, dietary care, oral care and discharge guidance were systematized to observe the postoperative recovery and patients＇ satisfaction with nursing work. Results All the skin flaps survived and the incision healed well. After 12 months of follow-up, the skin color of the repair area was natural, there was no obvious scar hyperplasia in the skin supply area. The satisfaction of the patients to the repair effect was 97.29% and the nursing satisfaction was 100%. Conclusion Comprehensive and systematic perioperative nursing care can improve the awareness of treatment, reduce the pain of the operation, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, promote the survival of the skin flap, improve the effect of repair and nursing satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical application.