《大气污染防治法》规制手段与目标的断裂与弥合

The Breaking and Bridging of Regulation Means and Target of Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law

现行《大气污染防治法》以"按标降浓"为规制目标,以"按规排污"为规制手段,然而,由于存在排污"行为主体数量"不确定这一变量,无论《大气污染防治法》如何调整行为主体排污行为的规制标准,都可能导致其规制手段与规制目标之间的不一致或断裂。而欲弥合二者之间的断裂,《大气污染防治法》应当以地方政府为规制对象,以具体环境质量指标为规制手段,以确保总行为排放结果限制在大气环境承载力范围之内为规制目标。以环境质量指标作为规制手段旨在课以地方政府具体可操作的环境质量指标,要求地方政府依照大气自然生态阈值安排行政区域内的排污总行为。环境质量指标这一规制手段不仅契合《大气污染防治法》的规制目标,而且能更大限度地确保地方政府承担大气污染环境治理责任,从而能更好地实现《大气污染防治法》的大气环境质量规制目标。

The existing Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Lawuse “according to the standard drop thick” asthe goal of regulation, to “ abide by pollution”as the means of regulation. Hopollutant discharge“ behavior subject number”, no matter how Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Law adjusts the regulation standard of pdut a nt discharge behavior of tlie subject of action, it may lead to the inconsistency or break between the means of regulation and the target of regulation. And bridge between the fra c tu re.Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Lawsha llbe based on the local government as the object of regulation, with specif ic environmental quality objectives as the means of regulation, to ensure that thetotal results within the scope of atmosphere environment bearing cap a city for regulating target. The aim of using environmental quality objectivesas the regulatory meansis to impose specificand operable environmental quality objectives on localgovernments, and require local governments to arrange total emission behaviors in administrative areasaccording to the threshold of atmospheric natural ecology. The regulation means of environmental quality targetaccord with the regulation target of the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Law, and loca l governments can bemore responsible for air pollution control. In this way, the goal ofair environten Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Law can bebetter realized.