论无效合同的法律后果

Legal Effects of the Invalid Contract

无效合同虽无法律效力,但非不存在民事法律关系及不生相应之法律后果。《民法通则》第六十一条、《合同法》第五十八条及《民法总则》第一百五十七条均规定了无效之法律后果:恢复原状即返还财产、折价补偿、过错损害赔偿责任。貌似简单明确的规定,却在司法实务中存在诸多歧义,诸如返还财产是否包括利息及其计算基准、损害赔偿的范围等。无效合同返还财产的性质无论为物上请求权或不当得利请求权,其范围应涵盖利息,且利息应按同期存款利率为基准;无效合同损害赔偿既为缔约过失责任,必以信赖利益为赔偿范围,适用过错相抵规则,不应将无效合同有效处理。

Inv alid contract has no legaleffects, but there is no legal relationship and legal con sequences. Article 61 of the General Principles of the C ivil Law, Article 58 of the Contract Law and Article 157 of theGeneral Civil Laws tipulate that the consequences of inva lid contractsare ; rehabilitating the original state andreturning the property, discounting compensation, and compensating fault damages. It seems simple and c lear, but there is a lot of ambiguity in judicial practice, such as whether property return in cludes in terest, thecalculation base and the scope of damages, etc . . The right of claim or unjust the invalid contract return property ’ s scope should cov er interest. Interest should be based on of the same period. The compensation for the damage of the invalidation contract is of tlie contracting parties, but also the compensation scope of tlie trust benefit. The fault offsetting rule shouldbe appl ied, and the invalid contract should not be effectively dealt witli.