肿瘤专科医生职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Status Quo and Influencing Factor Analysis of Occupational Burnout in Oncologists

目的了解肿瘤专科医生职业倦怠现状及其影响因素,探索其发生职业倦怠的规律和特点,提出干预措施。方法选取北京市某三级甲等肿瘤医院医生为研究对象,采用马斯勒职业倦怠量表(MBI-GS)和自制调查问卷对研究对象进行问卷调查。结果共有203名医生完成调查,其中40.9%的医生有一定程度的职业倦怠,24.1%的医生存在情绪衰竭,36.5%存在消极工作,2.5%存在成就感低下。不同的职称、工作环境、医院奖惩制度、药品配备、自评患者的满意度、患者对医生的信任度、患者及家属对医生的尊重度、居民对医生的尊重度、当前的执业环境、工作技术难度及社会地位对职业倦怠不同维度的平均得分差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论医生的社会人口学特征、工作条件、外部环境、工作感受能够影响肿瘤专科医生职业倦怠的发生,应采取有效的应对措施,缓解其倦怠状况。

Objective To investigate the status quo of occupational burnout among oncologists, analyze its influencing factors, so as to propose relevant countermeasures. Methods Oncologists from a first-class tertiary cancer hospital in Beijing were enrolled and investigated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey（MBI-GS） and self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 203 oncologists completed the survey and questionnaires. Among them, 40.9% were suffering from occupational burnout to some extent; 24.1% were suffering from emotional exhaustion; 36.5% had been used to do cynicism work; 2.5% were experiencing diminished personal accomplishment. We found professional title, working environment, hospital reward and punishment system, drug availability, self-evaluated patient satisfaction, patients＇ trust in doctors, patients＇ and their family＇s respect for doctors, residents＇ respect for doctors, current medical practicing environment, technical complexity of work, and social status were influencing factors of occupational burnout in various aspects（p〈0.05）. Conclusion Social and demographic characteristics, working conditions, external environment, and feelings towards work may affect the occurrence of occupational burnout among oncologists. Countermeasures could be taken accordingly.