高性能战斗机飞行员空间定向能力与相关指标的关系分析

Analysis on the correlation of high performance fighter pilot＇s spatial orientation ability with related indicators

目的研究基于空间定向障碍模拟器的空间定向能力与心理测试得分、飞行技能、专家测试及总成绩的相关性，从而为今后的高性能战斗机飞行员空间定向能力测试提供科学的理论依据。方法采用自身配对设计。在空间定向障碍模拟器上对23名高性能战斗机飞行员进行基于复杂气象和高负荷任务下的空间定向能力测试，将空间定向能力测试成绩与心理测试、飞行技能测试、专家测试等指标成绩进行两两Pearson积差相关性分析，对总成绩排名、空间定向能力排名、专家测试排名、飞行技能排名、心理测试得分排名等进行Spearman秩相关性分析。结果①在Pearson积差相关性上，空间定向能力成绩与心理测试得分相关性最高（r＝0.79, P〈0.01），其次与专家测试成绩相关（r＝0.47, P〈0.05），与飞行技能测试成绩不相关（r＝0.09, P〉0.05）；专家测试成绩与飞行技能成绩相关性较高（r＝0.69, P〈0.01），与心理测试得分的相关性无统计学意义（r＝0.34, P〉0.05）；飞行技能测试成绩与心理测试得分无明显相关性（r＝0.16, P〉0.05）。②在Spearman秩相关性上，总成绩与心理成绩相关性最高（r＝0.88, P〈0.01），且与空间定向能力、专家测试成绩、飞行技能成绩均显著相关（r＝0.60、0.72、0.63, P〈0.05）。结论空间定向能力与心理测试得分存在较为密切的关系，是较为重要的一项高性能战斗机飞行员心理品质指标。

Objective To study the correlation between the spatial orientation ability determined by spatial disorientation simulator and the results of psychological quality test ,flight skill ,expert evaluation and total scores ,and to provide a scientific theory basis for future spatial orientation ability tests for high performance fighter pilots . Methods Self-matching design was chosen in the study . Twenty-three high performance fighter pilots achieved the spatial orientation ability test under the complex weather conditions and high load tasks in the spatial disorientation simulator .The test scores of spatial orientation ability was compared to the psychological test scores ,the flight skill test scores and expert evaluation scores by Pearson product moment correlation analysis .The rankings of total scores ,spatial orientation ability ,expert evaluation scores ,flight skills and psychological scores were processed by Spearman correlation analysis . Results ① By the Pearson product difference correlation analysis , the spatial orientation ability scores showed the highest correlation with psychological test scores （r=0 .79 ,P〈0 .01） ,then the correlation with the expert evaluation scores （r=0 .47 ,P〈0 .05） ,and uncorrelated relationship with the flight skill test scores （r= 0 .09 , P〉0 .05） .The expert evaluation scores were correlated with the flight skill test scores （r= 0 .69 , P〈0 .01） but uncorrelated with the psychological test scores （ r = 0 .34 , P 〉 0 .05 ） .There was no correlation between the flight skill test scores and the psychological test scores （r=0 .16 , P〉0 .05） .②By the Spearman rank correlation analysis ,the total scores showed the highest correlation with the psychological test scores （r = 0 .88 , P 〈 0 .01） ,and was significantly correlated with the spatial orientation ability test scores ,the flight skill test scores and expert evaluation scores （r=0 .60 ,0 .72 , 0 .63 , P〈0 .05） . Conclusions Spatial orientation ability has a close relationship with psychological test scores .It would be an important indicator of the psychological quality for high performance fighter pilot .