腐植酸复合吸附新材料研究进展

Research Progress of the New Composite Adsorption Materials Based on Humic Acid

腐植酸是一种天然有机高分子混合物,含有羟基、酚羟基、羧基等亲水性基团与脂肪碳链及芳香环等疏水性基团的骨架相连,其质地疏松,比表面积大,具有较高的物理化学反应活性,对金属离子和有机化合物具有络合、螯合、离子交换、吸附等功能,还可进行物理或化学改性,因而广泛应用于农林牧、化工、环保等领域。本文从复合材料结构出发,论述了不同类型的腐植酸复合新材料,重点归纳了腐植酸复合新材料作为吸附材料在污水处理、土壤保水和解毒剂等环保方面的研究进展与应用现状,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Humic acid （HA） is a kind of natural mixture of organic macromolecule which contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups that connected to the skeleton of aliphatic or aromatic units. It has loose sponge texture, large surface area, surface energy and physically- chemically reactivity that induced functions of complexation, chelation, ion exchange and adsorption for metal ions and organic compounds to be modified by physical or chemical, as for its widely use in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, chemical industry, environmental protection and other fields. The progress and application of different types of humic acid composite new materials, especially adsorption materials on sewage treatment, water conservation of soil and antidote, were emphatically discussed based on the structure of composite materials. The development trend of humic acid composite new materials was also prospected.