2012-2017年广东省登革热疫情流行特点与趋势

Epidemiological characteristics and trends of Dengue fever from 2012 to 2017 in Guangdong province of China

目的对广东省2012-2017年登革热疫情进行分析,为广东省乃至中国大陆地区登革热疫情防控提供科学依据。方法通过"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"获得登革热病例信息进行流行病学三间分析,对部分实验室确诊病例开展登革病毒检测及血清型分型。结果 2012-2017年,广东省累计报告52 441例登革热病例,其中输入病例642例,本地病例51 799例。输入病例数、波及地市和县区数均呈上升趋势,各地市输入病例年均发病率0.01/10万~0.26/10万。本地病例中珠三角地区病例占92.88%(48 109/51 799),各地市本地病例年均发病率0.05/10万~47.29/10万。输入病例各月均有报告,高峰出现在8~10月;本地病例主要发生在7~11月,高峰为9~10月。输入病例中男性399例(年均发病率0.12/10万)、女性243例(年均发病率0.08/10万),男女性发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.02,P<0.01);本地病例中男性25 624例(年均发病率7.53/10万)、女性26 175例(年均发病率8.43/10万),男女性发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=165.25,P<0.01)。输入病例发病率0.01/10万~0.20/10万,30~39岁年龄组最高;本地病例发病率3.11/10万~14.00/10万,60~69岁年龄组最高。对广东省1 084份登革热确诊病例血清标本进行登革病毒血清分型,其中Ⅰ型占74.91%(812/1 084)、Ⅱ型占20.30%(220/1 084)、Ⅲ型占3.78%(41/1 084)、Ⅳ型占1.01%(11/1 084)。结论广东省登革热输入病例呈逐年增加趋势;本地病例呈大幅波动,以老年人群发病率高;多种病毒型别同时或交替流行。

Objective To analyze the Dengue fever epidemiologic features from 2012 to 2017 in Guangdong province of China. Methods Dengue fever information was collected from the China Center for Disease Prevention and Control System.Dengue virus detection and serotyping were done with samples from part of confirmed cases. Results From 2012 to 2017,a total of 52 441 Dengue cases were reported in Guangdong province and among which,642 were imported cases and 51 799 were local cases.The number of imported cases and outbreak involved cities and counties were growing during this period.The incidence rates of imported cases at the city level were 0.01/100 000-0.26/100 000;92.88%（48 109/51 799）,and local cases were reported in the Pearl River Delta Region.The annual incidence rates of local cases at the city level were 0.05/100 000-47.29/100 000.Imported cases were found in every month but peaked from August to October.Local cases mainly occurred from July to November with the peak period from September to October.Among all imported cases,399 were males（average annual incidence rate 0.12/100 000）and 243 females（average annual incidence rate 0.08/100 000）（χ2=25.02,P0.01）.Among all local cases,25 624 were males（average annual incidence rate 7.53/100 000）and 26 175 females（average annual incidence rate 8.43/100 000）（χ2=165.25,P 0.01）.The incidence rates of imported cases were 0.01/100 000-0.20/100 000 with the highest at the 30-39 age group.The incidence rates of local cases were 3.11/100 000-14.00/100 000 with the highest at the 60-69 age group.The serotype detection of Dengue virus of 1 084 samples from Dengue cases found74.91%（812）of TypeⅠ,20.30%（220）of TypeⅡ,3.78%（41）of TypeⅢ and 1.01%（11）of Type Ⅳ. Conclusions There was an increased trend of imported Dengue fever cases in Guangdong province from 2012 to 2017.The number of local cases widely fluctuatece and the incidence rate was the highest in the elderly group.Multiple serotypes of Dengue fever viruses were detected in both imported and local cases.