笔迹鉴定意见采信实证研究

An empirical study on the admission of forensic handwriting analysis

近几年,应最高人民法院要求,除不宜在互联网公布的情形外,中国裁判文书网对全国各级法院的裁判文书予以较为全面、及时的公布。同时,中国知网、北大法宝、北大法意等诸多信息检索平台纷纷推出裁判文书查询服务,使备受争议的笔迹鉴定意见在审判程序中的采信情况能够直观展现。笔迹鉴定以书写人习惯性书写动作所表现出的笔迹特征为鉴定依据,由于笔迹鉴定对象的变化较为复杂,鉴定人在观察、分析、比较和确定特征时带有一定的经验成分,以至于外界对于笔迹鉴定意见的科学可靠性及可采性的评价褒贬不一。本文借助中国裁判文书网平台,通过对其公布的裁判文书中笔迹鉴定意见具体采信情况,以代表性的鉴定机构为解析对象,经分析后总结出笔迹鉴定意见的采信现状、存在的问题及缘由,找出相对合理的笔迹鉴定意见采信机制。

In recent years, as required by the Supreme People＇s Court, except certain decisions are not suitable for publication on the Internet, China Judgements Online has made a comprehensive and timely publication of decisions of the courts at all levels. At the same time, many Internet platforms that are specialized in providing information search service, such as CNKI, Pkulaw and Lawyee, have launched online search service of the published decisions. Such decision publication system makes admission of the controversial forensic handwriting analysis exposed to public intuitively. Forensic handwriting Analysis is based on handwriting characteristics that stem from human habitual movements. As variations that occur in a person＇s handwriting are relatively complicated, the examiner might apply empirical methodology while observing, analyzing, comparing and determining handwriting characteristics. To some extent, there has been a very mixed reaction to the admissibility and reliability of forensic handwriting analysis. With the help of China Judgements Online, this paper analyzes current situation of the admission of forensic handwriting analysis. Based on forensic handwriting analysis samples made by representative forensic, this paper analyzes and summarizes the current situation of admitting forensic handwriting analysis, existing problems and causes of forensic handwriting analysis, and fi nds out a relatively reasonable mechanism on admitting forensic handwriting analysis.