近红外光谱技术在小儿心脏外科围手术期的应用

Application of near- infrared spectrophotometry in the peri- operative period of pediatric cardiac surgery

背景近红外光谱技术（near-infrared spectrophotometry，NIRS）可以监测小儿全身多个组织器官的组织氧饱和度（regional oxygen saturation，RSO2），具有无创、实时、连续的特点。目的综述NIRS在小儿心脏外科围手术期的应用进展，为其在临床研究及实践中的应用提供参考。内容通过回顾近年临床相关研究，对RSO2的影响因素及其对患儿近期及远期预后的预测价值等方面进行综述，评估NIRS的实用性和有效性。趋向NIRS在小儿心脏外科围手术期监测中拥有广泛的应用前景，但尚需要更高质量的临床证据指导临床应用。

Background In pediatric patients, near-infrared spectrophotometry （NIRS） can detect regional oxygen saturation （RSO2） in multiple organs, which offers non-invasive, real-time, continuous monitoring. Objective To review the application of NIRS in the peri-operative period of pediatric cardiac surgery, and to provide guidance for the practice of clinical anesthesia. Content The alterations in RSO2 detected with NIRS represent the changes in oxygen supply and consumption of tissues, and can be used to evaluate metabolic status of multiple organs. NIRS is commonly used for surveillance of RSO2 and reperfusion in the brain during cardiovascular surgery and neurosurgery, and for prediction of patients＇ prognosis, as well. Trend NIRS is a promising technique for perioperative monitoring of RSO2 in multiple organs of pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery, while large, randomized, and prospective studies are needed to validate its clinical use.