胶质细胞源性神经营养因子家族在疼痛发生机制中作用的研究进展

Research progress in the role of glial cell line- derived neurotrophic factor family in pain mechanism

背景胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor，GDNF）家族配体具有强大的神经营养活性，在中枢和外周神经元的生长和发育中发挥重要作用。该家族成员GDNF、artemin及其特异性受体胶质细胞源性神经营养因子家族受体（glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor，GFR）α1和α3在疼痛发生机制中的作用十分关键，成为开发镇痛药物及疼痛治疗方法的新靶点。目的提示将GDNF、artemin及其特异性受体作为靶点发展新的疼痛治疗方法具有广阔的前景。内容对GDNF、artemin及其特异性受体参与疼痛发生机制的基础和临床研究及相关药物开发进展进行综述。趋向基础和临床研究已经证实GDNF和artemin及其特异性受体在疼痛发生机制中起重要作用，但是它们在不同病因导致的疼痛中发挥的作用不尽相同，如果能开发出以GDNF、artemin或其特异性受体为靶点的药物，根据不同病因给予个性化处理，将会极大推动疼痛治疗方法的发展。

Background Glial cell line-derived neurutruphic factor （GDNF） family ligands have potent neurotruphic activity and play an important role in the survival and development of central and peripheral neurons. The members of GDNF family, GDNF, artemin and their specific receptors： GDNF family receptor （GFR） α1 and GFRα3 are crucial in the pathogenesis of pain. They are novel targets for the development of analgesics and pain management drugs. Objective It is promising to develop novel pain treatments drugs that targets GDNF, artemin and their specific receptors GFRα1 and GFRα3. Content This article reviews the advances of basic and clinical studies on the involvement of GDNF, artemin and their specific receptors GFRα1 and GFRα3 in the pathogenesis of pain and related drug development. Trend Both basic and clinical studies have shown that GDNF, artemin and their specific receptors GFRα1 and GFRα3 play pivotal role in pain. But their rules in pain may be distinct in different kinds of pain. If new drugs targeting GDNF, artemin or their specific receptors can be developed and be used to treat a specific type of pain, it will be a great progress in pain treatment.