隧道突水涌泥灾害风险模糊综合评价分析与研究

Analysis and Research on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation for Tunnel Hazard Risks of Water Gushing and Mud Bursting

为了对某隧道进行突水涌泥风险评估,通过对现场地质情况及初步设计方案进行分析研究,对隧道进出口段、易发生突水涌泥段及其它段进行了突水涌泥风险的初步评估,分析了各分段突水涌泥风险可能性并得到以下结论:当地质条件满足"富水、高压以及不良地质"就具备了突水涌泥的客观条件,开挖工法和相关的辅助措施对突水涌泥灾害的发生也起着至关重要的作用。采用模糊综合评价法对易发突水涌泥段进行了风险评价,给出了一级、二级评价指标及各自权重,同时参照国内外隧道工程经验,对突水涌泥风险源进行了辨识与排序,排序结果依次为:破碎岩体—地表水、基岩裂隙水—超前支护—台阶法—超前预报、监控量测—雨季降水。可为各种隧道突水涌泥风险评估提供参考。

In order to assess the risks of water gushing and mud bursting in a tunnel, the site geological conditions and preliminary design scheme were analyzed and studied, and the initial evaluation was carried out for the risks in the entrance and exit section of the tunnel, the section which was prone to gush mud and water as well as other sections, and then, the possibility of water gushing and mud bursting in each section was estimated to conclude the following results ： when the geological conditions met the ＂rich water, high pressure and bad geology＂, the objective conditions were provided for the hazard, and the excavation method and related auxiliary measures played an important role in the occurrence of water gushing and mud bursting. The risk assessment was carried out by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the first and second grade evaluation indexes as well as their respective weights were given. Meanwhile, the risk sources of water gushing and mud bursting were identified and sorted according to the experience of tunnel engineering at home and abroad. The sequencing results are as follows： broken rock mass--surface water and bedrock fissure water--advance support--benching tunnelling method--advance prediction and monitoring measurement--rainfall in the rainy season. It can provide reference for risk assessment of water gushing and mud bursting in various tunnels.