杜泊羊、澳洲白绵羊与湖羊杂交效果的比较

A comparative study on the improvements by crossbreeding of Dorper sheep and Australian white sheep with Hu sheep

为了提高湖羊的生产效率和经济效益,本试验在相同舍饲条件下,对杜泊羊、澳洲白绵羊分别与湖羊杂交利用的效果进行比较分析,并对其后裔的生产性能和肉品质进行了测定。结果表明：杜×湖和澳×湖杂交组合的羔羊成活率均比纯繁湖羊低,但杂交组合的产羔率较纯繁湖羊分别提高了13.97%和8.88%。杜×湖F1的2月龄体重、3月龄体重、初生至3月龄的平均日增重均极显著高于纯繁湖羊（P〈0.01）,澳×湖F1和杜×湖F1的这3个指标均显著高于纯繁湖羊（P〈0.01）。4月龄时,杜×湖F1和澳×湖F1的体高、胸围、腹围和管围等体尺指标均高于纯繁湖羊,但差异不显著（P〈0.01）。另外,对杜×湖F1组、澳×湖F1组、纯繁湖羊组每组挑选4只进行屠宰试验,澳×湖F1的眼肌面积极显著大于纯繁湖羊（P〈0.01）,屠宰率显著高于纯繁湖羊（P〈0.05）。两组杂交组合F1与纯繁湖羊的肉色和剪切力均无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但两组杂交组合F1的熟肉率在数值上有所提高。杜×湖F1和纯繁湖羊的失水率均极显著大于澳×湖F1（P〈0.01）。说明,杜泊羊和澳洲白绵羊两个肉用品种与湖羊的杂交后代都表现出繁殖性能好、生长速度快、肉用体形特征明显、屠宰性能好、肉品质好等特点。

A comparative analysis of the effects of crossbreeding Dorper sheep, Australian white sheep with Hu Sheep, under the same stall feeding condition, on production performance and meat quality was conducted. The results were that the Dorper sheep× Hu Sheep and the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep cross breeding had a lower survival rate than the pure breeding Hu sheep, with lambing rates increased by 13.97% and 8. 88% respectively. The other benefits of cross breeding were that the Dorper sheep×Hu Sheep Fland Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1 had higher body weight at the age of two and three months and higher daily increase in body weight （P〈0. 01 respectively） than Hu sheep. The F1 hybrid sheep had higher body height, chest circumference, waist circumference, circumference and body size indexes than Hu sheep at the age of four months. The slaughter of four 4 sheep randomly selected from each group showed that the eye muscle area （ P〈 0. 01） and the slaughter rate （P〈O. 05） were significantly increased in Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1, compared with Hu sheep. The other indexes were that there were no significant differences in color and shear force of the three groups （P〉0. 05）, but the cooked meat percentage was increased in the F1 hybrid sheep, compared with the Hu sheep. Dehydration in the Dorper sheep× Hu Sheep F1 and Hu sheep was significantly higher than in the Australian white sheep × Hu Sheep F1 （P〈0. 01 ）. In conclusion, the offspring of Dorper sheep and Australian white sheep cross breeding with Hu sheep presented good reproductive performance, fast growth, obvious shape characteristics of meat, good slaughter performance and good meat quality.