不同动物源志贺菌的分离鉴定及耐药性检测

Identification and drug sensitivity assay of Shigella isolated from different animals

采用常规法对青海省牦牛、藏羊、猪、鸡等4种动物新鲜粪便中志贺菌进行了分离鉴定,并检测其耐药性。结果显示,475份样品经分离培养、染色镜检、生化试验及血清型检测分离鉴定出72株志贺菌,平均分离率为15.16%（72/475）。血清学鉴定结果为,痢疾1~4型9株、痢疾1型25株、痢疾2型17株、痢疾5~8型15株、痢疾9~12型5株、宋氏2相1株。在刚果红琼脂培养基上27株为Crb＋表型,45株为Crb-表型,与致死性试验无显著相关性。72株分离菌对15种抗生素的平均耐药率为28.15%。不同动物源菌株耐药性有较大差异,鸡源、猪源、羊源、牛源志贺菌耐药现象顺序由高到低。阿莫西林＋头孢噻吩为主要耐药谱。氨基糖苷类抗生素（丁胺卡那）、喹诺酮类抗生素（氧氟沙星、环丙沙星）、头孢类抗生素（头孢他啶、头孢噻吩）可作为相关疾病的首选药物。

Shigella were isolated and identified from fresh feces of four species of animals in Qinghai Province, and their drug resistance was detected. The results showed that 72 strains of Shigella were isolated from 475 samples, and the average isolation rate was 15.16% （72/ 475）. Serological typing tests were performed and showed that nine strains were identified as types 1-4 S. dysenteriae, 25 strains as type 1 S. dysenteriae, 17 strains as type2 S. dysenteriae, 15 strains as types 5-8 S. dysenteriae, 5 strains as types 9-12 S. dysenteriae, and one strain as type II S. sonnei infection. On the Congo red agar medium, 27 strains were Crb ＋ phenotypes, and 45 strains were Crb-phenotypes; but they had no significant correlation with the lethal test. The average rate of resistance of 72 isolates to 15 antibiotics was 28.15%. The resist-ances of different animal strains were different, too ; and the high-to-low order of resistance by animals was chickens, pigs, sheep and Ni-uYuanzhi. Amoxicillin ＋ cefoxitinis was the main drug resistance spectrum. Aminoglycoside antibiotics （amikacin）, quinolones antibiotics （ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin）, cephalosporins （ceftazidime, cefoxitin） may be the first choice for related diseases.