控制镰刀菌产生伏马毒素的技术

A review on the technigues of controlling fumonisin production by Fusarium

产生伏马毒素（fumonisins）的几种镰刀菌侵染多种粮食和经济作物,对国际贸易和经济产生不利影响,并对人类和动物的健康产生有害的影响。控制镰刀菌产生和减少伏马毒素的技术有很多,一般包括物理、化学及生物防治三个方面。寻找有利于可持续发展及生态无害化防治方法一直为人们所关注,其中生物防治以其对环境友好被更多关注和研究,其主要研究方向是生防微生物,通过基因工程育种来进行防治。本文主要就近几年关于控制镰刀菌产生并减少伏马毒素的主要技术如生防微生物、基因工程育种、物理吸附剂、生物转化等进行综述。

Several species of fumonisin-producing Fusarium infect a wide range of food and cash crops, adversely affect international trade and the economy, and have harmful effects on human and animal health. Many techniques for controlling fumonisin production, including physical, chemical and biological controls have been developed. Finding the methods that are conducive to sustainable development and eco-logically sound prevention and treatment has always been concerned by researchers. Among the methods, biological control has attracted more attention and has received more research for its environmental friendliness. The main research direction of this method is biological control by microorganisms, and prevention and control through genetically engineered breeding. This article mainly focuses on the main techniques for the control of fumonisin production in pre-harvest and post-harvest years （ mainly including biocontrol by microorganisms, genetically engi-neered breeding, physical adsorbents, biotransformation and other technologies）.